Alexander Feldman

San Francisco, CA · alex@llama.gs · llama.gs · +1 650 397 8506

Summary

Staff-level engineer and research scientist with 20+ years spanning embedded systems, FPGA design, RF electronics, robotics, AI/ML, and algorithm design. Former Member of Research Staff at Xerox PARC with 60+ publications, 10+ patents, and ≈1200 citations. Collaborated with DARPA, NASA Ames, ESA, Lockheed Martin, and ASML. Recent work: 40× latency reduction in an FPGA-based industrial network for precision manufacturing robots, Ka-band radar front-end PCB design, and embedded TensorFlow on Nordic microcontrollers. Ph.D. (cum laude) in Computer Science from Delft University of Technology.

Core Expertise

Professional Experience

Staff Embedded Systems Engineer — Atomic Machines

Feb 2025 – Mar 2026 · Emeryville, CA

  • Worked on distributed control architecture for modular manufacturing robots composed of precision networked nodes, each built around an AMD Xilinx KR260 SoM with custom serializer/deserializer hardware communicating with STM32 motor-control boards.
  • Identified a critical networking bottleneck on the Cortex-R5 firmware path where a single polling iteration over all four PMOD channels consumed 800 µs against a 1 ms target.
  • Designed and integrated DMA IP into the Vivado FPGA bitstream, reducing the full polling iteration to less than 800 µs s—a 40× improvement—eliminating the bottleneck and enabling additional network scaling, more stations, and higher effective bandwidth.
  • Tuned PID control loops for multiple linear stages and motorized axes using register-level configuration of TMC motor-control ICs.
  • Took end-to-end ownership of a bonding-press node: firmware integration with the F-Link TMC platform, electrical assembly of pre-made PCBs, motor installation, process-control software, and a Flet-based Python user interface.
  • Implemented a Python DSL for bonding recipes and achieved stable multi-hour production runs with temperature control converging to 2 °C and force control to 5 N.

Senior Electrical Engineer — NextFlex

Nov 2022 – Feb 2025 · San Jose, CA

  • Completed a complex Siemens Expedition PCB design for a Ka-band radar front-end in collaboration with Lockheed Martin, continuing DARPA IceCold work on jet-impingement cooling for high-power electronics.
  • Inherited a design with numerous DRC violations, unconnected nets, and manufacturability problems in a compact RF layout containing waveguide structures and coolant cavities; resolved all issues and brought the design to fabrication readiness.
  • Identified and engaged a fabrication partner willing to prototype the board after multiple PCB manufacturers declined the project due to its complexity.
  • Performed microscope-assisted post-processing and electrical testing of fabricated hardware; investigated leakage caused by substrate material limitations.
  • Redesigned and implemented the complete front-end software stack for a textile touch-pad interface used in wearable soldier computing systems developed with AFFOA and Penn State.
  • Ported the system to the Nordic nRF52840, integrated TensorFlow Lite for embedded gesture recognition, implemented Bluetooth communication, and developed host-side software for training and evaluation.
  • Introduced Zephyr RTOS into the organization and became the primary internal resource for nRF52840 and Zephyr-based development.
  • Participated in demonstration days and technical outreach for visitors and educational programs focused on hybrid electronics.

Member of Research Staff — Xerox PARC

Sep 2014 – Sep 2022 · Palo Alto, CA

  • Conducted research at the intersection of artificial intelligence, algorithm design, diagnostics, electronic design automation, and cyber-physical systems within the System Sciences Laboratory, Model-Based Reasoning Area.
  • Designed and built an instrumented refrigerator testbed to compare machine-learning and model-based diagnosis on real physical systems, including custom data-acquisition electronics (dual-channel ADC PCB), failure-injection hardware (relay-controlled compressor, linear actuator for door), embedded firmware (ChibiOS on Arduino-class hardware), and a Python Flask experiment-scheduling system collecting data at ≈ 60 Hz over 24-hour sessions.
  • Trained and evaluated neural networks and decision trees against model-based diagnosis algorithms on collected sensor data (temperature, voltage, current), producing comparative results across methods.
  • Designed the first general class of algorithms for multi-output Boolean circuit synthesis that are sound, complete, and optimal, using SAT and quantified Boolean formula (2-QBF) encodings; connected results to realistic VHDL/Verilog design flows and component-library-based synthesis.
  • Developed quantum formulations of diagnostic problems for D-Wave-style quantum annealers; this work was cited in a DARPA BAA calling for quantum approaches to diagnosis.
  • Partnered with Northrop Grumman and three other companies on quantum computing proposals for defense applications.
  • Designed and implemented a Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) platform providing diagnostic and prognostic analytics, sensor-placement optimization, SCADA interfacing, and code generation for diagnostics in control systems.
  • Built a SPICE model of a Field-Programmable Analog Array (FPAA) for analog computing research, leading to a DARPA RFI response.
  • Co-developed the DXC diagnostic algorithm evaluation framework jointly with NASA Ames; organized three International Diagnostic Competitions (DXC'09, DXC'10, DXC'11).
  • Built substantial research software in C/C++ and Python for diagnosis, benchmarking, synthesis, and experimentation; selected systems are being prepared for open-source release.

Technical Consultant II — Nspyre B.V./ASML

Jul 2013 – Aug 2014 · Eindhoven, The Netherlands

  • Technical consulting on advanced engineering systems at ASML, the world's sole supplier of EUV lithography machines for semiconductor manufacturing.

Founder and President — General Diagnostics

Jun 2013 – Sep 2014 · Delft, The Netherlands

  • Founded a company to commercialize model-based diagnosis technology developed during doctoral and postdoctoral research.

Postdoctoral Research Fellow — University College Cork

Jun 2012 – Jun 2013 · Cork, Ireland

  • Postdoctoral research in the Complex Systems Laboratory on model-based diagnosis of analogue and hybrid systems.

Postdoc — HEIG-VD & EPFL (visiting)

Jun 2010 – Apr 2012 · Switzerland

  • Hired by Prof. Stephan Robert at the Institute of Information and Communication Technologies (IICT), HEIG-VD, with concurrent visiting positions at EPFL's RF Integrated Circuit Group (Prof. Catherine Dehollain) and Distributed Intelligent Systems and Algorithms Laboratory, DISAL (Prof. Alcherio Martinoli).
  • Worked on ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor localization for mobile robots as part of the Swiss NCCR MICS initiative funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, in collaboration between HEIG-VD and two EPFL labs.
  • Took a bench-top single-transmitter/receiver RF experiment and turned it into a fully working real-time multi-receiver robotic localization system with cm-level precision using Impulse-Radio UWB at 4.25 GHz center frequency with 500 MHz bandwidth.
  • Designed and implemented the complete FPGA-based digital back-end for four wall-mounted UWB receiver base stations processing aggregate pulse trains with cryptographic time-hopping sequences and computing Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) ranging.
  • Overcame a timing-closure failure on the FPGA by overclocking it via speed-grade faking in the synthesis tools—a calculated risk that worked and brought the entire system online without months of hardware delay.
  • Developed a Qt-based real-time graphical user interface displaying live robot trajectories as Khepera III platforms drove around the arena.
  • Co-authored three peer-reviewed publications: IEEE VTC'11-Fall, PRIME'11 (Gold Leaf Certificate), and IEEE ICUWB'12.
  • Collaborated with Dr. Alexander Bahr (DISAL/EPFL) on numerical simulation models for UWB localization design-trade-off analysis (accuracy vs. update rate, receiver placement).
  • Continued diagnostic reasoning research during this period, presenting work on stochastic search methods at DX'11 in Munich.
  • Independently identified and won a competitive ESA contract—the GENIUS project (Ground-basEd diagNostIc sUpport System)—funded under ESA's Innovation Triangle Initiative (ITT AO/1-6067/09/NL/CBI), total value 150000 €, executed concurrently with the full-time UWB postdoc.
  • Assembled a cross-institutional consortium: inventor (TU Delft IP), developer (Logica Nederland B.V., later CGI), and end user (ESA-ESOC); subcontracted through Logica with Helena Vicente de Castro as technical contact.
  • Built a ≈1000-line LYDIA-NG model of the GOCE satellite Electrical Power System (1397 variables: 186 observable, 289 health, 132 command, 790 internal) and implemented the complete GENIUS framework: diagnostic search (BFS, DFS, BGSS), SPICE-based simulation with constraint propagation, residual analysis, entropy-based active testing (FRACTAL), and an API to ESA's SCOS-2000 SCADA and SIMSAT/PSS infrastructure.
  • Designed 11 fault scenarios (single through quadruple faults, ambiguous, intermittent, degradation) with independent telemetry from the ESA-ESOC SIMSAT simulator. Achieved diagnostic accuracy of 1.0, average classification error of 1.25 (out of 289 components), fault detection in < 100 ms, and diagnostic uncertainty reducible by a single automatically computed telecommand.
  • First-ever application of a model-based active testing algorithm to a real-world space system; published at IEEE Aerospace Conference 2013 (14-page paper) and DX'13.

Ph.D. Student / Doctoral Research Fellow — Delft University of Technology

Sep 2005 – Sep 2009 · Delft, The Netherlands

  • Conducted doctoral research on approximation algorithms for model-based diagnosis, active testing, and stochastic search under Prof. Arjan van Gemund.
  • Published results at IJCAI, AAAI, and in the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR).
  • Visiting researcher at Xerox PARC (May–Sep 2008).

Software Architect — Science & Technology B.V.

Apr 2005 – Sep 2005 · Delft, The Netherlands

  • Software architecture for scientific and engineering systems.

Senior Programmer / Market Database Controller — ING Bank

Dec 2002 – Apr 2005 · Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  • Worked in market risk management on data-intensive banking systems and market databases.

Senior Programmer — Zend Technologies

Jul 2000 – Sep 2001 · Ramat Gan, Israel

  • Early-career software development at the company behind the PHP language engine.

Education

Ph.D. in Computer Science (cum laude) — Delft University of Technology

2010-05-17 · Delft, The Netherlands

Thesis: Approximation Algorithms for Model-Based Diagnosis. Advisor: Prof. Arjan van Gemund.

M.Sc. in Computer Science, Technical Informatics (cum laude) — Delft University of Technology

2005-03-29 · Delft, The Netherlands

Thesis: Hierarchical Approach to Fault Diagnosis. Advisor: Prof. Arjan van Gemund.

B.Sc. in Computer Science — University of Economics – Varna

2000-06-30 · Varna, Bulgaria

Secondary vocational diploma — Vocational High School of Economics “Georgi Sava Rakovski”

1995-06-30 · Varna, Bulgaria

Major Systems and Engineering Projects

Manufacturing robotics platform
Designed DMA-based FPGA acceleration for a precision robotics network at Atomic Machines, reducing network service latency from ≈ 800 µs to < 20 µs (40×), enabling further network scaling.
Bonding press node
Full-stack ownership of a precision bonding system: firmware, electrical assembly, process control, Python DSL, and UI with ±2 °C/±5 N stability over multi-hour runs.
Ka-band RF front-end
Completed a highly constrained radar front-end PCB (Siemens Expedition) with integrated jet-impingement cooling structures and microwave waveguide routing, in collaboration with Lockheed Martin / DARPA.
Wearable embedded ML
Implemented an nRF52840-based textile touch-pad interface with embedded TensorFlow Lite inference, Bluetooth communication, and host-side training pipeline for gesture recognition.
Cyber-physical diagnostics testbed
Designed and built an instrumented refrigerator platform combining custom ADC electronics, embedded firmware, automated failure injection, and 60 Hz data collection for diagnosis research at PARC.
Circuit synthesis tooling
First general, sound, complete, and optimal algorithms for multi-output Boolean circuit synthesis from component libraries using SAT and 2-QBF encodings.
Quantum optimization for diagnosis
Mapped diagnostic problems to quantum annealing (D-Wave) and gate-based quantum hardware; work cited in a DARPA BAA.
GOCE satellite diagnostics (ESA GENIUS)
Independently won a 150000 € ESA Innovation Triangle Initiative contract. Built a 1397-variable model of the GOCE satellite EPS and the complete GENIUS diagnostic framework (LYDIA-NG + FRACTAL active testing + SCOS-2000 integration). Achieved 100 % detection accuracy across 11 fault scenarios with < 100 ms fault detection. First application of model-based active testing to a real space system.
CBM platform
Condition Based Maintenance platform at PARC for diagnostic/prognostic analytics, sensor placement, SCADA interfacing, and code generation.
UWB robot localization
Took a bench-top RF experiment to a fully operational real-time indoor localization system for Khepera III mobile robots using Impulse-Radio UWB (4.25 GHz, 500 MHz BW). Designed the complete FPGA digital back-end for four base stations with TDOA ranging and cryptographic time-hopping. Overclocked the FPGA to meet timing. Built live Qt visualization. NCCR MICS project, HEIG-VD/EPFL collaboration.

Research Software Systems

Lydia
Open-source constraint-based diagnostic reasoning framework (language and tools) for model-based diagnosis of Boolean circuits and general systems. Available at gitlab.llama.gs/alex/lydia.
Model-based diagnosis frameworks
Research code in C/C++ and Python for diagnostic inference, sequential diagnosis, active testing, and benchmarking.
SAT/QBF circuit synthesis tools
Tooling for digital circuit synthesis from component libraries using Boolean satisfiability and quantified Boolean formula encodings.
DXC Framework
Diagnostic algorithm evaluation framework developed jointly with NASA Ames for systematic comparison under identical experimental conditions.
Experimental orchestration systems
Python Flask-based infrastructure for long-running cyber-physical experiments and dataset collection.
Open-source plans
Selected PARC-era software systems are being prepared for public release.

Open Source Systems

Self-hosted GitLab
Operate and maintain a self-hosted public GitLab instance at https://gitlab.llama.gs for open-source projects, research code, and independent engineering work.
Lydia diagnostic framework
Open-source diagnostic reasoning toolkit at gitlab.llama.gs/alex/lydia.
nRF52805 temperature sensor
Embedded systems project hosted at gitlab.llama.gs/embedded-systems/nrf52805_temp_sensor.
Additional repositories
Additional public repositories to be incorporated in a later iteration.

Personal Infrastructure and Hardware Laboratory

Infrastructure
Operate personal infrastructure under the llama.gs domain, including GitLab, Postfix, Dovecot, and Nextcloud on self-managed Linux servers. Responsibilities include provisioning, upgrades, monitoring, and service maintenance.
Hardware laboratory
Maintain Basys-3 FPGA boards for generated Verilog validation, multiple Raspberry Pi systems for embedded Linux and infrastructure, Nordic nRF52840 development kits for wireless firmware work, and an Ettus Research USRP platform for RF experimentation.

Honors and Awards

Sep 2019
Best Paper Award, Eleventh Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society (PHM'19).
Jul 2011
Gold Leaf Certificate, Seventh Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics & Electronics (PRIME'11).
May 2010
Ph.D. cum laude, Delft University of Technology.
Oct 2008
Best Paper Award, First International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management (PHM'08).
Mar 2005
M.Sc. cum laude, Delft University of Technology.

Technical Skills

Programming
C, C++, Python, Java, PHP, JavaScript, Flex/Bison, LaTeX
Embedded
Zephyr RTOS, ChibiOS, embedded Linux, Nordic nRF52, STM32, Bluetooth Low Energy, Arduino
FPGA / Digital
Verilog, VHDL, Vivado, KR260, Basys-3, digital design, DMA architectures
Algorithms
Model-based diagnosis, SAT, SMT, QBF, combinatorial optimization, quantum annealing, gate-based quantum algorithms
ML / AI
TensorFlow (Lite), scikit-learn, neural networks, decision trees, Kalman filters (EKF, UKF)
Electronics
RF PCB design (Ka-band), instrumentation, ADC data acquisition, Siemens Expedition, KiCad, SPICE
Modeling
Modelica (Dymola, OpenModelica), MATLAB, LabVIEW, digital signal processing
Parallel
MPI, PVM, CUDA
Systems
Linux administration, GitLab, Postfix, Dovecot, Nextcloud, Raspberry Pi infrastructure
Databases
PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle, Sybase

Professional Activities

PC Member
AAAI 2020, AAAI 2016, PHM 2015, DX 2011–2015, ECAI 2012, KR 2012
Reviewer
Artificial Intelligence Journal (AIJ), IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Journal of Vibration and Control, JUCS, IEEE SMC, IJCAI, PHM, DX
Organizer
DX 2020, DX 2013, DREAMAP Workshop at ECAI 2012, International Diagnostic Competitions (DXC'09, DXC'10, DXC'11)
Award Committee
Presented the DX Lifetime Achievement Award (DX'18)
Teaching
Artificial Intelligence, California State University Long Beach (2011), Model-Based Computing course design and lectures, TU Delft (2007)

Citizenships and Work Authorization

Languages